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Management> First-line Managers. The lowest level in an organization at which individuals are responsible for the work of others is called first-line or first-level management. First-line managers direct non-management employees; they do not supervise Tag Heuer Replica other managers. Examples of first-line managers are the foreman or production supervisor in a manufacturing plant, the technical supervisor in a research department, and the clerical supervisor in a large office. First-level managers are often called "supervisors". A school principal is also a first-level manager.
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Functional> Another major classification of managers depends on the scope of activities they manage. Organizations are often described as a set of functions. A function, in this sense, is a collection of similar activities. The marketing function, for example, commonly consists of sales, promotion, distribution, and market research activities. At Coca-Cola, the marketing function is responsible for TV ads and the research and development function is responsible for Coke's special formula.
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At> • Stockholder E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize the interests of stockholders.
• Managerial Prerogative E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize the interests of management.
• Restricted Stakeholder E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize the interests of a narrow set of stakeholders, such as customers, employees, and stockholders.
• Unrestricted Stakeholder E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize the interest of all stakeholders.
• Social Harmony E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize social harmony.
• Rawlsian E-Strategy: The corporation should promote inequality among stakeholders only if inequality results in raising the level of the worst-off stakeholder.
• Personal Projects E-Strategy: The corporation should maximize its ability to enable corporate members to carry out their personal projects.
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