1. SUMMARIZE THE THREE PARTS OF CRITICAL THINKING
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Critical thinking is part of the thinking process that involves the following components or parts. These are the following listed below Firstly, it involves Becoming aware that assumptions do exist. The second step involves making the said assumptions explicit. The third step usually involves Assessing the accuracy of the said assumptions.
In analyzing these concepts, the following points have to be taken into consideration. First, we need to know whether the Assumptions make sense, whether they represent or are a reflection of reality, in addition to this we need to know whether or under what assumptions do these assumptions hold.
2. WHAT ARE MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT CRITICAL THINKING?
There are many misconceptions concerning critical thinking. Misconceptions about critical thinking include the following. The first misconception is that of believing that the critical thinking process is entirely a negative process- in that it tears down thoughts and puts nothing inside their place. In real sense, critical thinking is rather a positive process that seeks to put things in a further realistic outlook.
Secondly there is the idea that critical thinking leads to ‘relativistic freeze-the inability’ to build commitments toward people, thoughts, and structures. In reality however, within a critical thinking perspective commitments are informed ones.
There is also the misconception that Critical thinking involves traumatic changes. That is a person is supposed to abandon old assumptions on a continuous basis. In reality, some beliefs or belief systems rather stay the same. This is supposed to mean that they are simply supposed to be more informed.
There is also the misconception that critical thinking is dispassionate and cold. In reality, critical thinking is usually highly emotive and therapeutic to be free of past assumptions as well as the nervousness of self-inspection.
3. WHAT ROLE DO EMOTIONS PLAY IN CRITICAL THINKING?
Critical thinking involves different major components. Among these, include emotions, assumptions, language, logic and perception. Emotions are built in within our mindset. That is why it is impossible to take away our emotions from the process of critical thinking. Among the many reasons, why this is so is the fact that emotions are always part of what we think and do on a daily basis.
In reality, critical thinkers usually do not deny the power of their emotions but instead critical thinkers devise ways to overcome and manage their emotions.
4. DISCUSS FIVE CONCEPTS THAT ARE IMPEDIMENTS TO CRITICAL THINKING.
There are mainly two classes of impediments to critical thinking. The first is a formal style of fallacies while the other form is informal. The formal fallacy involves the educated idea that every one is entitled to his/her idea. There are also some behavioral errors and biases. Judgmental errors and biases also constitute a significant proportion of these impediments to critical thinking. In this complex there are also some research-related errors, motivational based errors as well as perceptual errors.
5. SUMMARIZE THE "SPONGE" AND "PANNING FOR GOLD" CONCEPTS.
6. SUMMARIZE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN "WEAK-SENSE" AND STRONG SENSE" CRITICAL THINKING.
References:
Argyris, C. (1957) Personality and organization: The conflict between system and the individual, Harper.
De Sousa, Ronald .The Rationality of Emotion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 1987.
Sutton, Robert I, and Staw, Barry M. (1995) what theory is not? Administrative Science Quarterly. 40(3): 371-385
Taylor Frederick (1911), principles of scientific management, Harper and brothers.
Weick, Karl (1989) Theory Construction as disciplined imagination. Academy of Management Review 14(4):516-531